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24 Keyed Collections

24.1 Map Objects

Map objects are collections of key/value pairs where both the keys and values may be arbitrary ECMAScript language values. A distinct key value may only occur in one key/value pair within the Map's collection. Distinct key values are discriminated using the SameValueZero comparison algorithm.

Map object must be implemented using either hash tables or other mechanisms that, on average, provide access times that are sublinear on the number of elements in the collection. The data structures used in this Map objects specification is only intended to describe the required observable semantics of Map objects. It is not intended to be a viable implementation model.

24.1.1 The Map Constructor

The Map constructor:

  • is %Map%.
  • is the initial value of the "Map" property of the global object.
  • creates and initializes a new Map object when called as a constructor.
  • is not intended to be called as a function and will throw an exception when called in that manner.
  • is designed to be subclassable. It may be used as the value in an extends clause of a class definition. Subclass constructors that intend to inherit the specified Map behaviour must include a super call to the Map constructor to create and initialize the subclass instance with the internal state necessary to support the Map.prototype built-in methods.

24.1.1.1 Map ( [ iterable ] )

When the Map function is called with optional argument iterable, the following steps are taken:

  1. If NewTarget is undefined, throw a TypeError exception.
  2. Let map be ? OrdinaryCreateFromConstructor(NewTarget, "%Map.prototype%", « [[MapData]] »).
  3. Set map.[[MapData]] to a new empty List.
  4. If iterable is either undefined or null, return map.
  5. Let adder be ? Get(map, "set").
  6. Return ? AddEntriesFromIterable(map, iterable, adder).
 Note

If the parameter iterable is present, it is expected to be an object that implements an @@iterator method that returns an iterator object that produces a two element array-like object whose first element is a value that will be used as a Map key and whose second element is the value to associate with that key.

24.1.1.2 AddEntriesFromIterable ( target, iterable, adder )

The abstract operation AddEntriesFromIterable takes arguments target, iterable, and adder (a function object). adder will be invoked, with target as the receiver. It performs the following steps when called:

  1. If IsCallable(adder) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
  2. Assert: iterable is present, and is neither undefined nor null.
  3. Let iteratorRecord be ? GetIterator(iterable).
  4. Repeat,
    1. Let next be ? IteratorStep(iteratorRecord).
    2. If next is false, return target.
    3. Let nextItem be ? IteratorValue(next).
    4. If Type(nextItem) is not Object, then
      1. Let error be ThrowCompletion(a newly created TypeError object).
      2. Return ? IteratorClose(iteratorRecord, error).
    5. Let k be Get(nextItem, "0").
    6. If k is an abrupt completion, return ? IteratorClose(iteratorRecord, k).
    7. Let v be Get(nextItem, "1").
    8. If v is an abrupt completion, return ? IteratorClose(iteratorRecord, v).
    9. Let status be Call(adder, target, « k.[[Value]], v.[[Value]] »).
    10. If status is an abrupt completion, return ? IteratorClose(iteratorRecord, status).
 Note

The parameter iterable is expected to be an object that implements an @@iterator method that returns an iterator object that produces a two element array-like object whose first element is a value that will be used as a Map key and whose second element is the value to associate with that key.

24.1.2 Properties of the Map Constructor

The Map constructor:

  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Function.prototype%.
  • has the following properties:

24.1.2.1 Map.prototype

The initial value of Map.prototype is the Map prototype object.

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: false }.

24.1.2.2 get Map [ @@species ]

Map[@@species] is an accessor property whose set accessor function is undefined. Its get accessor function performs the following steps:

  1. Return the this value.

The value of the "name" property of this function is "get [Symbol.species]".

Note

Methods that create derived collection objects should call @@species to determine the constructor to use to create the derived objects. Subclass constructor may over-ride @@species to change the default constructor assignment.

24.1.3 Properties of the Map Prototype Object

The Map prototype object:

  • is %Map.prototype%.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Object.prototype%.
  • is an ordinary object.
  • does not have a [[MapData]] internal slot.

24.1.3.1 Map.prototype.clear ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  4. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. Set p.[[Key]] to empty.
    2. Set p.[[Value]] to empty.
  5. Return undefined.
 Note

The existing [[MapData]] List is preserved because there may be existing Map Iterator objects that are suspended midway through iterating over that List.

24.1.3.2 Map.prototype.constructor

The initial value of Map.prototype.constructor is %Map%.

24.1.3.3 Map.prototype.delete ( key )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  4. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValueZero(p.[[Key]], key) is true, then
      1. Set p.[[Key]] to empty.
      2. Set p.[[Value]] to empty.
      3. Return true.
  5. Return false.
 Note

The value empty is used as a specification device to indicate that an entry has been deleted. Actual implementations may take other actions such as physically removing the entry from internal data structures.

24.1.3.4 Map.prototype.entries ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Return ? CreateMapIterator(M, key+value).

24.1.3.5 Map.prototype.forEach ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )

When the forEach method is called with one or two arguments, the following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. If IsCallable(callbackfn) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
  4. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  5. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } e of entries, do
    1. If e.[[Key]] is not empty, then
      1. Perform ? Call(callbackfn, thisArg, « e.[[Value]], e.[[Key]], M »).
  6. Return undefined.
 Note

callbackfn should be a function that accepts three arguments. forEach calls callbackfn once for each key/value pair present in the map object, in key insertion order. callbackfn is called only for keys of the map which actually exist; it is not called for keys that have been deleted from the map.

If a thisArg parameter is provided, it will be used as the this value for each invocation of callbackfn. If it is not provided, undefined is used instead.

callbackfn is called with three arguments: the value of the item, the key of the item, and the Map object being traversed.

forEach does not directly mutate the object on which it is called but the object may be mutated by the calls to callbackfn. Each entry of a map's [[MapData]] is only visited once. New keys added after the call to forEach begins are visited. A key will be revisited if it is deleted after it has been visited and then re-added before the forEach call completes. Keys that are deleted after the call to forEach begins and before being visited are not visited unless the key is added again before the forEach call completes.

24.1.3.6 Map.prototype.get ( key )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  4. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValueZero(p.[[Key]], key) is true, return p.[[Value]].
  5. Return undefined.

24.1.3.7 Map.prototype.has ( key )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  4. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValueZero(p.[[Key]], key) is true, return true.
  5. Return false.

24.1.3.8 Map.prototype.keys ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Return ? CreateMapIterator(M, key).

24.1.3.9 Map.prototype.set ( key, value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  4. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValueZero(p.[[Key]], key) is true, then
      1. Set p.[[Value]] to value.
      2. Return M.
  5. If key is -0𝔽, set key to +0𝔽.
  6. Let p be the Record { [[Key]]: key, [[Value]]: value }.
  7. Append p as the last element of entries.
  8. Return M.

24.1.3.10 get Map.prototype.size

Map.prototype.size is an accessor property whose set accessor function is undefined. Its get accessor function performs the following steps:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[MapData]].
  4. Let count be 0.
  5. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty, set count to count + 1.
  6. Return 𝔽(count).

24.1.3.11 Map.prototype.values ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Return ? CreateMapIterator(M, value).

24.1.3.12 Map.prototype [ @@iterator ] ( )

The initial value of the @@iterator property is the same function object as the initial value of the "entries" property.

24.1.3.13 Map.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]

The initial value of the @@toStringTag property is the String value "Map".

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: true }.

24.1.4 Properties of Map Instances

Map instances are ordinary objects that inherit properties from the Map prototype. Map instances also have a [[MapData]] internal slot.

24.1.5 Map Iterator Objects

A Map Iterator is an object, that represents a specific iteration over some specific Map instance object. There is not a named constructor for Map Iterator objects. Instead, map iterator objects are created by calling certain methods of Map instance objects.

24.1.5.1 CreateMapIterator ( map, kind )

The abstract operation CreateMapIterator takes arguments map and kind. This operation is used to create iterator objects for Map methods that return such iterators. It performs the following steps when called:

  1. Assert: kind is key+value, key, or value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(map, [[MapData]]).
  3. Let closure be a new Abstract Closure with no parameters that captures map and kind and performs the following steps when called:
    1. Let entries be the List that is map.[[MapData]].
    2. Let index be 0.
    3. Let numEntries be the number of elements of entries.
    4. Repeat, while index < numEntries,
      1. Let e be the Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } that is the value of entries[index].
      2. Set index to index + 1.
      3. If e.[[Key]] is not empty, then
        1. If kind is key, let result be e.[[Key]].
        2. Else if kind is value, let result be e.[[Value]].
        3. Else,
          1. Assert: kind is key+value.
          2. Let result be ! CreateArrayFromList(« e.[[Key]], e.[[Value]] »).
        4. Perform ? Yield(result).
        5. NOTE: the number of elements in entries may have changed while execution of this abstract operation was paused by Yield.
        6. Set numEntries to the number of elements of entries.
    5. Return undefined.
  4. Return ! CreateIteratorFromClosure(closure, "%MapIteratorPrototype%", %MapIteratorPrototype%).

24.1.5.2 The %MapIteratorPrototype% Object

The %MapIteratorPrototype% object:

  • has properties that are inherited by all Map Iterator Objects.
  • is an ordinary object.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %IteratorPrototype%.
  • has the following properties:

24.1.5.2.1 %MapIteratorPrototype%.next ( )

  1. Return ? GeneratorResume(this value, empty, "%MapIteratorPrototype%").

24.1.5.2.2 %MapIteratorPrototype% [ @@toStringTag ]

The initial value of the @@toStringTag property is the String value "Map Iterator".

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: true }.

24.2 Set Objects

Set objects are collections of ECMAScript language values. A distinct value may only occur once as an element of a Set's collection. Distinct values are discriminated using the SameValueZero comparison algorithm.

Set objects must be implemented using either hash tables or other mechanisms that, on average, provide access times that are sublinear on the number of elements in the collection. The data structures used in this Set objects specification is only intended to describe the required observable semantics of Set objects. It is not intended to be a viable implementation model.

24.2.1 The Set Constructor

The Set constructor:

  • is %Set%.
  • is the initial value of the "Set" property of the global object.
  • creates and initializes a new Set object when called as a constructor.
  • is not intended to be called as a function and will throw an exception when called in that manner.
  • is designed to be subclassable. It may be used as the value in an extends clause of a class definition. Subclass constructors that intend to inherit the specified Set behaviour must include a super call to the Set constructor to create and initialize the subclass instance with the internal state necessary to support the Set.prototype built-in methods.

24.2.1.1 Set ( [ iterable ] )

When the Set function is called with optional argument iterable, the following steps are taken:

  1. If NewTarget is undefined, throw a TypeError exception.
  2. Let set be ? OrdinaryCreateFromConstructor(NewTarget, "%Set.prototype%", « [[SetData]] »).
  3. Set set.[[SetData]] to a new empty List.
  4. If iterable is either undefined or null, return set.
  5. Let adder be ? Get(set, "add").
  6. If IsCallable(adder) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
  7. Let iteratorRecord be ? GetIterator(iterable).
  8. Repeat,
    1. Let next be ? IteratorStep(iteratorRecord).
    2. If next is false, return set.
    3. Let nextValue be ? IteratorValue(next).
    4. Let status be Call(adder, set, « nextValue »).
    5. If status is an abrupt completion, return ? IteratorClose(iteratorRecord, status).

24.2.2 Properties of the Set Constructor

The Set constructor:

  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Function.prototype%.
  • has the following properties:

24.2.2.1 Set.prototype

The initial value of Set.prototype is the Set prototype object.

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: false }.

24.2.2.2 get Set [ @@species ]

Set[@@species] is an accessor property whose set accessor function is undefined. Its get accessor function performs the following steps:

  1. Return the this value.

The value of the "name" property of this function is "get [Symbol.species]".

Note

Methods that create derived collection objects should call @@species to determine the constructor to use to create the derived objects. Subclass constructor may over-ride @@species to change the default constructor assignment.

24.2.3 Properties of the Set Prototype Object

The Set prototype object:

  • is %Set.prototype%.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Object.prototype%.
  • is an ordinary object.
  • does not have a [[SetData]] internal slot.

24.2.3.1 Set.prototype.add ( value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[SetData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is S.[[SetData]].
  4. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty and SameValueZero(e, value) is true, then
      1. Return S.
  5. If value is -0𝔽, set value to +0𝔽.
  6. Append value as the last element of entries.
  7. Return S.

24.2.3.2 Set.prototype.clear ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[SetData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is S.[[SetData]].
  4. For each element e of entries, do
    1. Replace the element of entries whose value is e with an element whose value is empty.
  5. Return undefined.
 Note

The existing [[SetData]] List is preserved because there may be existing Set Iterator objects that are suspended midway through iterating over that List.

24.2.3.3 Set.prototype.constructor

The initial value of Set.prototype.constructor is %Set%.

24.2.3.4 Set.prototype.delete ( value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[SetData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is S.[[SetData]].
  4. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty and SameValueZero(e, value) is true, then
      1. Replace the element of entries whose value is e with an element whose value is empty.
      2. Return true.
  5. Return false.
 Note

The value empty is used as a specification device to indicate that an entry has been deleted. Actual implementations may take other actions such as physically removing the entry from internal data structures.

24.2.3.5 Set.prototype.entries ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Return ? CreateSetIterator(S, key+value).
 Note

For iteration purposes, a Set appears similar to a Map where each entry has the same value for its key and value.

24.2.3.6 Set.prototype.forEach ( callbackfn [ , thisArg ] )

When the forEach method is called with one or two arguments, the following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[SetData]]).
  3. If IsCallable(callbackfn) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
  4. Let entries be the List that is S.[[SetData]].
  5. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty, then
      1. Perform ? Call(callbackfn, thisArg, « e, e, S »).
  6. Return undefined.
 Note

callbackfn should be a function that accepts three arguments. forEach calls callbackfn once for each value present in the set object, in value insertion order. callbackfn is called only for values of the Set which actually exist; it is not called for keys that have been deleted from the set.

If a thisArg parameter is provided, it will be used as the this value for each invocation of callbackfn. If it is not provided, undefined is used instead.

callbackfn is called with three arguments: the first two arguments are a value contained in the Set. The same value is passed for both arguments. The Set object being traversed is passed as the third argument.

The callbackfn is called with three arguments to be consistent with the call back functions used by forEach methods for Map and Array. For Sets, each item value is considered to be both the key and the value.

forEach does not directly mutate the object on which it is called but the object may be mutated by the calls to callbackfn.

Each value is normally visited only once. However, a value will be revisited if it is deleted after it has been visited and then re-added before the forEach call completes. Values that are deleted after the call to forEach begins and before being visited are not visited unless the value is added again before the forEach call completes. New values added after the call to forEach begins are visited.

24.2.3.7 Set.prototype.has ( value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[SetData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is S.[[SetData]].
  4. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty and SameValueZero(e, value) is true, return true.
  5. Return false.

24.2.3.8 Set.prototype.keys ( )

The initial value of the "keys" property is the same function object as the initial value of the "values" property.

Note

For iteration purposes, a Set appears similar to a Map where each entry has the same value for its key and value.

24.2.3.9 get Set.prototype.size

Set.prototype.size is an accessor property whose set accessor function is undefined. Its get accessor function performs the following steps:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[SetData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is S.[[SetData]].
  4. Let count be 0.
  5. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty, set count to count + 1.
  6. Return 𝔽(count).

24.2.3.10 Set.prototype.values ( )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Return ? CreateSetIterator(S, value).

24.2.3.11 Set.prototype [ @@iterator ] ( )

The initial value of the @@iterator property is the same function object as the initial value of the "values" property.

24.2.3.12 Set.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]

The initial value of the @@toStringTag property is the String value "Set".

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: true }.

24.2.4 Properties of Set Instances

Set instances are ordinary objects that inherit properties from the Set prototype. Set instances also have a [[SetData]] internal slot.

24.2.5 Set Iterator Objects

A Set Iterator is an ordinary object, with the structure defined below, that represents a specific iteration over some specific Set instance object. There is not a named constructor for Set Iterator objects. Instead, set iterator objects are created by calling certain methods of Set instance objects.

24.2.5.1 CreateSetIterator ( set, kind )

The abstract operation CreateSetIterator takes arguments set and kind. This operation is used to create iterator objects for Set methods that return such iterators. It performs the following steps when called:

  1. Assert: kind is key+value or value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(set, [[SetData]]).
  3. Let closure be a new Abstract Closure with no parameters that captures set and kind and performs the following steps when called:
    1. Let index be 0.
    2. Let entries be the List that is set.[[SetData]].
    3. Let numEntries be the number of elements of entries.
    4. Repeat, while index < numEntries,
      1. Let e be entries[index].
      2. Set index to index + 1.
      3. If e is not empty, then
        1. If kind is key+value, then
          1. Perform ? Yield(! CreateArrayFromList(« e, e »)).
        2. Else,
          1. Assert: kind is value.
          2. Perform ? Yield(e).
        3. NOTE: the number of elements in entries may have changed while execution of this abstract operation was paused by Yield.
        4. Set numEntries to the number of elements of entries.
    5. Return undefined.
  4. Return ! CreateIteratorFromClosure(closure, "%SetIteratorPrototype%", %SetIteratorPrototype%).

24.2.5.2 The %SetIteratorPrototype% Object

The %SetIteratorPrototype% object:

  • has properties that are inherited by all Set Iterator Objects.
  • is an ordinary object.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %IteratorPrototype%.
  • has the following properties:

24.2.5.2.1 %SetIteratorPrototype%.next ( )

  1. Return ? GeneratorResume(this value, empty, "%SetIteratorPrototype%").

24.2.5.2.2 %SetIteratorPrototype% [ @@toStringTag ]

The initial value of the @@toStringTag property is the String value "Set Iterator".

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: true }.

24.3 WeakMap Objects

WeakMap objects are collections of key/value pairs where the keys are objects and values may be arbitrary ECMAScript language values. A WeakMap may be queried to see if it contains a key/value pair with a specific key, but no mechanism is provided for enumerating the objects it holds as keys. In certain conditions, objects which are not live are removed as WeakMap keys, as described in 9.9.3.

An implementation may impose an arbitrarily determined latency between the time a key/value pair of a WeakMap becomes inaccessible and the time when the key/value pair is removed from the WeakMap. If this latency was observable to ECMAScript program, it would be a source of indeterminacy that could impact program execution. For that reason, an ECMAScript implementation must not provide any means to observe a key of a WeakMap that does not require the observer to present the observed key.

WeakMap objects must be implemented using either hash tables or other mechanisms that, on average, provide access times that are sublinear on the number of key/value pairs in the collection. The data structure used in this WeakMap objects specification are only intended to describe the required observable semantics of WeakMap objects. It is not intended to be a viable implementation model.

Note

WeakMap and WeakSets are intended to provide mechanisms for dynamically associating state with an object in a manner that does not “leak” memory resources if, in the absence of the WeakMap or WeakSet, the object otherwise became inaccessible and subject to resource reclamation by the implementation's garbage collection mechanisms. This characteristic can be achieved by using an inverted per-object mapping of weak map instances to keys. Alternatively each weak map may internally store its key to value mappings but this approach requires coordination between the WeakMap or WeakSet implementation and the garbage collector. The following references describe mechanism that may be useful to implementations of WeakMap and WeakSets:

Barry Hayes. 1997. Ephemerons: a new finalization mechanism. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications (OOPSLA '97), A. Michael Berman (Ed.). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 176-183, http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/263698.263733.

Alexandra Barros, Roberto Ierusalimschy, Eliminating Cycles in Weak Tables. Journal of Universal Computer Science - J.UCS, vol. 14, no. 21, pp. 3481-3497, 2008, http://www.jucs.org/jucs_14_21/eliminating_cycles_in_weak

24.3.1 The WeakMap Constructor

The WeakMap constructor:

  • is %WeakMap%.
  • is the initial value of the "WeakMap" property of the global object.
  • creates and initializes a new WeakMap object when called as a constructor.
  • is not intended to be called as a function and will throw an exception when called in that manner.
  • is designed to be subclassable. It may be used as the value in an extends clause of a class definition. Subclass constructors that intend to inherit the specified WeakMap behaviour must include a super call to the WeakMap constructor to create and initialize the subclass instance with the internal state necessary to support the WeakMap.prototype built-in methods.

24.3.1.1 WeakMap ( [ iterable ] )

When the WeakMap function is called with optional argument iterable, the following steps are taken:

  1. If NewTarget is undefined, throw a TypeError exception.
  2. Let map be ? OrdinaryCreateFromConstructor(NewTarget, "%WeakMap.prototype%", « [[WeakMapData]] »).
  3. Set map.[[WeakMapData]] to a new empty List.
  4. If iterable is either undefined or null, return map.
  5. Let adder be ? Get(map, "set").
  6. Return ? AddEntriesFromIterable(map, iterable, adder).
 Note

If the parameter iterable is present, it is expected to be an object that implements an @@iterator method that returns an iterator object that produces a two element array-like object whose first element is a value that will be used as a WeakMap key and whose second element is the value to associate with that key.

24.3.2 Properties of the WeakMap Constructor

The WeakMap constructor:

  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Function.prototype%.
  • has the following properties:

24.3.2.1 WeakMap.prototype

The initial value of WeakMap.prototype is the WeakMap prototype object.

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: false }.

24.3.3 Properties of the WeakMap Prototype Object

The WeakMap prototype object:

  • is %WeakMap.prototype%.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Object.prototype%.
  • is an ordinary object.
  • does not have a [[WeakMapData]] internal slot.

24.3.3.1 WeakMap.prototype.constructor

The initial value of WeakMap.prototype.constructor is %WeakMap%.

24.3.3.2 WeakMap.prototype.delete ( key )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[WeakMapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[WeakMapData]].
  4. If Type(key) is not Object, return false.
  5. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValue(p.[[Key]], key) is true, then
      1. Set p.[[Key]] to empty.
      2. Set p.[[Value]] to empty.
      3. Return true.
  6. Return false.
 Note

The value empty is used as a specification device to indicate that an entry has been deleted. Actual implementations may take other actions such as physically removing the entry from internal data structures.

24.3.3.3 WeakMap.prototype.get ( key )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[WeakMapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[WeakMapData]].
  4. If Type(key) is not Object, return undefined.
  5. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValue(p.[[Key]], key) is true, return p.[[Value]].
  6. Return undefined.

24.3.3.4 WeakMap.prototype.has ( key )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[WeakMapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[WeakMapData]].
  4. If Type(key) is not Object, return false.
  5. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValue(p.[[Key]], key) is true, return true.
  6. Return false.

24.3.3.5 WeakMap.prototype.set ( key, value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let M be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(M, [[WeakMapData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is M.[[WeakMapData]].
  4. If Type(key) is not Object, throw a TypeError exception.
  5. For each Record { [[Key]], [[Value]] } p of entries, do
    1. If p.[[Key]] is not empty and SameValue(p.[[Key]], key) is true, then
      1. Set p.[[Value]] to value.
      2. Return M.
  6. Let p be the Record { [[Key]]: key, [[Value]]: value }.
  7. Append p as the last element of entries.
  8. Return M.

24.3.3.6 WeakMap.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]

The initial value of the @@toStringTag property is the String value "WeakMap".

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: true }.

24.3.4 Properties of WeakMap Instances

WeakMap instances are ordinary objects that inherit properties from the WeakMap prototype. WeakMap instances also have a [[WeakMapData]] internal slot.

24.4 WeakSet Objects

WeakSet objects are collections of objects. A distinct object may only occur once as an element of a WeakSet's collection. A WeakSet may be queried to see if it contains a specific object, but no mechanism is provided for enumerating the objects it holds. In certain conditions, objects which are not live are removed as WeakSet elements, as described in 9.9.3.

An implementation may impose an arbitrarily determined latency between the time an object contained in a WeakSet becomes inaccessible and the time when the object is removed from the WeakSet. If this latency was observable to ECMAScript program, it would be a source of indeterminacy that could impact program execution. For that reason, an ECMAScript implementation must not provide any means to determine if a WeakSet contains a particular object that does not require the observer to present the observed object.

WeakSet objects must be implemented using either hash tables or other mechanisms that, on average, provide access times that are sublinear on the number of elements in the collection. The data structure used in this WeakSet objects specification is only intended to describe the required observable semantics of WeakSet objects. It is not intended to be a viable implementation model.

Note

See the NOTE in 24.3.

24.4.1 The WeakSet Constructor

The WeakSet constructor:

  • is %WeakSet%.
  • is the initial value of the "WeakSet" property of the global object.
  • creates and initializes a new WeakSet object when called as a constructor.
  • is not intended to be called as a function and will throw an exception when called in that manner.
  • is designed to be subclassable. It may be used as the value in an extends clause of a class definition. Subclass constructors that intend to inherit the specified WeakSet behaviour must include a super call to the WeakSet constructor to create and initialize the subclass instance with the internal state necessary to support the WeakSet.prototype built-in methods.

24.4.1.1 WeakSet ( [ iterable ] )

When the WeakSet function is called with optional argument iterable, the following steps are taken:

  1. If NewTarget is undefined, throw a TypeError exception.
  2. Let set be ? OrdinaryCreateFromConstructor(NewTarget, "%WeakSet.prototype%", « [[WeakSetData]] »).
  3. Set set.[[WeakSetData]] to a new empty List.
  4. If iterable is either undefined or null, return set.
  5. Let adder be ? Get(set, "add").
  6. If IsCallable(adder) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
  7. Let iteratorRecord be ? GetIterator(iterable).
  8. Repeat,
    1. Let next be ? IteratorStep(iteratorRecord).
    2. If next is false, return set.
    3. Let nextValue be ? IteratorValue(next).
    4. Let status be Call(adder, set, « nextValue »).
    5. If status is an abrupt completion, return ? IteratorClose(iteratorRecord, status).

24.4.2 Properties of the WeakSet Constructor

The WeakSet constructor:

  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Function.prototype%.
  • has the following properties:

24.4.2.1 WeakSet.prototype

The initial value of WeakSet.prototype is the WeakSet prototype object.

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: false }.

24.4.3 Properties of the WeakSet Prototype Object

The WeakSet prototype object:

  • is %WeakSet.prototype%.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot whose value is %Object.prototype%.
  • is an ordinary object.
  • does not have a [[WeakSetData]] internal slot.

24.4.3.1 WeakSet.prototype.add ( value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[WeakSetData]]).
  3. If Type(value) is not Object, throw a TypeError exception.
  4. Let entries be the List that is S.[[WeakSetData]].
  5. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty and SameValue(e, value) is true, then
      1. Return S.
  6. Append value as the last element of entries.
  7. Return S.

24.4.3.2 WeakSet.prototype.constructor

The initial value of WeakSet.prototype.constructor is the %WeakSet% intrinsic object.

24.4.3.3 WeakSet.prototype.delete ( value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[WeakSetData]]).
  3. If Type(value) is not Object, return false.
  4. Let entries be the List that is S.[[WeakSetData]].
  5. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty and SameValue(e, value) is true, then
      1. Replace the element of entries whose value is e with an element whose value is empty.
      2. Return true.
  6. Return false.
 Note

The value empty is used as a specification device to indicate that an entry has been deleted. Actual implementations may take other actions such as physically removing the entry from internal data structures.

24.4.3.4 WeakSet.prototype.has ( value )

The following steps are taken:

  1. Let S be the this value.
  2. Perform ? RequireInternalSlot(S, [[WeakSetData]]).
  3. Let entries be the List that is S.[[WeakSetData]].
  4. If Type(value) is not Object, return false.
  5. For each element e of entries, do
    1. If e is not empty and SameValue(e, value) is true, return true.
  6. Return false.

24.4.3.5 WeakSet.prototype [ @@toStringTag ]

The initial value of the @@toStringTag property is the String value "WeakSet".

This property has the attributes { [[Writable]]: false, [[Enumerable]]: false, [[Configurable]]: true }.

24.4.4 Properties of WeakSet Instances

WeakSet instances are ordinary objects that inherit properties from the WeakSet prototype. WeakSet instances also have a [[WeakSetData]] internal slot.